Agriculture Librarian
What is a Systematic Review?
A systematic review is a methodical and comprehensive literature synthesis focused on a well-formulated research question. Its aim is to identify and synthesize all of the scholarly research on a particular topic, including both published and unpublished studies. Systematic reviews are conducted in an unbiased, reproducible way to provide evidence for practice and policy-making and identify gaps in research. They may involve a meta-analysis.
Systematic reviews are much more time-intensive than traditional literature reviews. They usually require a multi-person research team. Before embarking on a systematic review, it is important to determine whether the body of literature warrants one and to clearly identify your reasons for conducting a systematic review.
Narrative reviews articles may be evidence-based, but they are NOT evidence (research). They usually lack systematic search protocols or explicit criteria for selecting and appraising evidence. Instead, they rely on experts to gather evidence and synthesize findings.
- The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviewsPRISMA 2020 statement. MetaArXiv preprint (September 2020)
Examples of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
- Systematic Reviews and Meta-AnalysesArticle that breaks down Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.
- Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in the early years (aged 0-4 years).Example of a Systematic Review
PRISMA Statement
The PRISMA Statement was ORIGINALLY published in 2009 but has since been updated in 2020. It consists of a checklist and a flow diagram, and is intended to be accompanied by the PRISMA Explanation and Elaboration document.
- BMJ (OPEN ACCESS) Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021;372:n71. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n71
- PLOS Medicine (OPEN ACCESS) Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. PLOS Medicine 2021;18(3):e1003583. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003583
- Journal of Clinical Epidemiology (OPEN ACCESS) Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2021
- Systematic Reviews (OPEN ACCESS) Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews 2021;10:89
- International Journal of Surgery (OPEN ACCESS) Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. International Journal of Surgery 2021;88:105906. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.105906